Objective: This study aims to evaluate the current status of Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) among medical staff and to identify key factors influencing KAP scores to develop effective nutritional behavior intervention measures and educational strategies. Methods: Using convenience sampling, a nonprobability sampling method, 375 medical staff members from a Grade-III A hospital in Lanzhou were selected as research subjects. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation); independent sample t-tests were used to compare means between two groups, univariate ANOVA was used for comparisons among groups, and Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyze correlations. Results: A total of 375 questionnaires were distributed, with a response and validity rate of 100%. In terms of Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (K-A-P), the highest scores were observed for nutritional attitudes, and there was a significant positive correlation among the K-A-P components. The main factors influencing knowledge scores (K) included educational level, profession, and age, with doctors scoring significantly higher than nurses and medical technicians (P<0.01). Conclusion: The study results indicate that the nutrition KAP levels of medical staff need improvement, especially in terms of attitudes and practices, despite their relatively high level of nutrition knowledge. Educational level, profession, and age significantly influence the acquisition and dissemination of nutrition knowledge. These findings suggest that these factors should be considered when designing future nutrition education and behavior intervention strategies.